AGL Component Library By Precision AGL Academy

AVASI

Abbreviated Visual Approach Slope Indicator – a simplified single‑bar or two‑bar visual glide slope system that provides pilots with a basic red/white indication of their position relative to the approach path. AVASI is an economical and compact solution for smaller airfields, heliports, and temporary operations where full VASI or PAPI is not justified.

AVASI (Abbreviated Visual Approach Slope Indicator) simplified red/white glide slope lights

Image disclaimer: For identification and illustration only. It may show a product by another manufacturer and may not depict the exact item described; it is not a statement of any product’s quality, approval or performance. Third-party image and trademark rights belong to their owners. See full notice.

Overview

What Is It?

The Abbreviated Visual Approach Slope Indicator (AVASI) is a simplified visual glide slope guidance system. Unlike the multi‑bar VASI or the four‑unit PAPI, AVASI typically consists of a single light bar or a simplified two‑bar configuration with fewer light units. It provides a basic but effective red/white indication to help pilots maintain a safe descent angle during final approach.

AVASI is designed for smaller airfields, heliports, and temporary operations where a full‑scale system is not economically or logistically justified. It offers a compact footprint, lower power consumption, and simpler installation while still delivering the essential visual cue needed for safe approaches.

Purpose

Purpose & Function

AVASI exists to bring basic glide slope guidance to airfields and temporary operations where the cost, power requirements, or physical footprint of a full VASI or PAPI installation can't be justified. By reducing the light units to a single bar or simplified two-bar layout, it keeps the essential red/white on-path indication pilots need while cutting the infrastructure and maintenance burden considerably.

This trade-off is deliberate: AVASI accepts a coarser glide slope indication in exchange for being deployable at smaller general aviation fields, heliports, and short-term operations that would otherwise have no visual glide guidance at all, which is a meaningful safety improvement over relying on unaided visual approach judgement.

Application

Where Is It Used?

AVASI is deployed on a variety of smaller and specialised landing sites:

  • General aviation airports – with low traffic volumes and limited budgets.
  • Heliports – where a compact system is needed for helicopter approaches.
  • Remote and regional airstrips – with limited electrical infrastructure.
  • Military forward operating bases – requiring rapid deployment and simplicity.
  • Temporary or emergency runways – where a lightweight, portable system is advantageous.
  • As a backup to PAPI or VASI – on larger runways for additional redundancy.
Placement

Installation & Location

AVASI reduces the standard VASI arrangement to a single light bar, mounted on one side of the runway at a fixed lateral offset from the edge, clear of the obstacle-limitation surface and any blast zone. The bar is set back from the threshold at the distance needed to place the resulting on-slope indication over the threshold at the correct height, tied into the runway centreline and threshold survey. Units sit on frangible mounts and are individually aimed and levelled during commissioning to give the correct red/white split at the design glide angle. Cabling runs underground back to the constant current regulator, and the single-bar footprint suits sites where space, budget, or traffic volume don't justify a full two-bar system.

Function

How Does It Work?

AVASI operates on the same fundamental optical principle as VASI and PAPI, but with a simplified configuration:

  • Configuration: AVASI typically uses a single bar of lights (or two bars in some configurations) installed on the left side of the runway or helipad. The bar contains one or more light units that project a beam with a distinct red/white transition.
  • Colour Indication: The pilot sees a single bar that changes colour based on the viewing angle. The indication is typically:
    • All white – aircraft is above the glide path.
    • White/red transition (or one white, one red in two‑bar setups) – on the correct glide path.
    • All red – aircraft is below the glide path.
    In a two‑bar configuration, the indication is similar to a 2‑bar VASI but with fewer lights per bar, providing a coarser but still reliable reference.
  • Power and Control: AVASI units are powered from the constant current series circuit via isolating transformers, with intensity controlled by the CCR (typically 3‑step). The reduced number of units means lower overall power demand.
  • Integration: AVASI is typically deployed independently and can be easily integrated with the runway lighting system. It is often controlled manually or via a basic ALCMS interface.
Architecture

System Architecture & Control Logic

AVASI's control logic is the same fixed-optics principle as full VASI, scaled down to a single bar (or two reduced bars). Each light unit's lens/shutter assembly is tilted at commissioning so its red/white transition falls at a specific elevation; where more than one unit or bar is fitted, they're aimed a fraction of a degree apart so the ensemble straddles the glide path. That aim is mechanical and permanent — nothing in the circuit changes which colour a unit shows. All units on a bar share a constant current series circuit through their own isolating transformers, and the CCR (often a basic 3-step unit, sometimes only manually switched) sets one brightness level for the whole bar; with the reduced unit count, total loop power demand is correspondingly lower than a full VASI or PAPI installation. Fault detection is loop-based as with any series circuit — a voltage rise at constant current signals an open lamp or failed transformer — and because AVASI is often deployed as a standalone installation rather than through a full ALCMS, that fault may be reported to only a basic local panel or noted on next inspection rather than flagged in real time to the tower.

CCR (Basic/Manual) → Series Circuit Loop → Isolating Transformer → Light Unit (elevation fixed optically)

CCR (BASIC OR MANUAL) Sets one brightness level for the bar SERIES CIRCUIT LOOP Reduced unit count — lower power demand ISOLATING TRANSFORMER (PER UNIT) Taps fixed loop current to each light unit LIGHT UNIT(S) — SINGLE OR REDUCED BAR Lens/shutter tilt sets each unit's colour split Fixed at commissioning — no runtime control SIGNAL IS OPTICAL, NOT ELECTRONIC The colour transition comes from fixed aim, not from any command the circuit sends LOOP FEEDBACK CCR tracks loop voltage against commanded current; a rise flags a lamp/transformer fault, often local only
Optics

How a Single Bar Encodes Glide Angle

Above Glide Path

Line of sight looks into the upper part of the beam — bar reads all white.

On Glide Path

Sight line sits right at the sharp red/white split — the bar shows the transition itself, or one bar white and the other red in a two‑bar setup.

Below Glide Path

Line of sight drops into the lower part of the beam — bar reads all red.

PAPI · 4 Units
→
VASI · 2 Bars
→
AVASI · 1 Bar

AVASI trades the near/far bar comparison of a full VASI (and the four-unit precision of PAPI) for a single bar's own red/white transition — coarser guidance, but far fewer units, less power, and a footprint suited to small or temporary sites.

Construction

Physical Construction

Each AVASI bar is a wide, box-section housing in die-cast aluminium alloy or louvred galvanised steel, built the same way as a full VASI bar but deployed as a single downwind bar (or a simplified two-bar pair) rather than a full multi-bar system. The optics are split into an upper clear (white) glass and a lower red filter glass, precisely positioned so the beam transitions from white to red at the set glide-path angle, with a built-in levelling and pitch-adjustment mechanism used to aim the bar during commissioning. The housing mounts on a frangible mast set at a fixed, surveyed height beside the runway, engineered to shear away cleanly if struck. Cabling runs underground in conduit to an isolating transformer housed in a nearby base can, with sealed, direct-burial connectors and a drainage provision to keep the transformer and cable entries free of standing water.

Specification

Technical Parameters

ParameterTypical Value
Light SourceLED array or 45W halogen lamp
ColourWhite (upper beam) and Red (lower beam) per unit
Luminous IntensityUp to 8,000 cd (white) and 4,000 cd (red) depending on setting
Intensity Steps3‑step (day, twilight, night) or 5‑step (2.8A – 6.6A) CCR controlled
Glide Path AngleTypically 3° (2.5° to 4° adjustable)
Beam PatternNarrow vertical beam with a sharp red/white transition
Number of Bars/Units1 bar (single unit) or 2 bars (simplified two‑bar)
Mounting TypeElevated (frangible poles) – typically 10–20 m from runway edge
Isolating Transformer45W – 65W (6.6A series circuit) per unit
Protection ClassIP67 / IP68 (weather‑resistant)
Operating Temperature-40°C to +55°C
Power Supply

Electrical Requirements

RequirementTypical Value
Circuit TypeSeries circuit, constant current (CCR fed)
Rated Series Current6.6A (5-step: 2.8A / 3.4A / 4.1A / 5.2A / 6.6A) or 3-step equivalent
IsolationVia dedicated isolating transformer (45W/65W) per unit
Bar SynchronisationWhere a second bar is fitted, both bars share the same series step to keep the transition aligned
Transformer SecondaryMatched to fixture wattage; sized to series circuit rating
Cable TypeL-824 single-conductor, direct-burial rated, 5kV or 600V per circuit design
ConnectorL-823 primary connector, submersible-rated splice
Insulation Resistance≥ 50 MΩ (megger test, cable-to-ground)
Earthing/GroundingFixture body and base can bonded to airfield earth grid
Fault ProtectionCCR-level ground fault and open-circuit detection
Power SourceCCR output, regulated per ICAO/FAA intensity step schedule
Optical Performance

Photometric Requirements

ParameterTypical Value
Main Beam Intensity (White)≥ 6,000 cd on-axis per unit, up to 8,000 cd at full intensity
Main Beam Intensity (Red)≥ 3,000 cd on-axis per unit, up to 4,000 cd at full intensity
Transition Sharpness (Red/White)≤ 4 arc-minutes vertical transition band per bar
Vertical Beam SpreadSingle bar (or reduced 2-bar) set at the 3° reference; coarser composite signal than full VASI
Horizontal Beam Spread± 5° to ± 10° either side of runway centreline plane
Isocandela DistributionPer ICAO Annex 14 Attachment A / FAA AC 150/5345-46 figures
Chromaticity (White)Within ICAO Annex 14 white boundary (CIE coordinates)
Chromaticity (Red)Within ICAO Annex 14 red boundary (CIE coordinates)
Intensity Tolerance± 25% of rated value at each CCR step (field measurement)
Maintenance Factor≥ 50% of new-fixture intensity before lamp/lens replacement is due
Test MethodMobile photometric van/goniophotometer or fixed test bench per bar
Compliance

Applicable Standards

ICAO Annex 14

Guidance for abbreviated visual slope indicators (AVASI)

FAA AC 150/5340-25

Visual Approach Slope Indicator (VASI) Systems – includes abbreviated (AVASI) configurations

IEC/TS 61827

Characteristics of inset and elevated luminaires used on aerodromes and heliports (photometric & electrical performance)

FAA Engineering Brief #67

Light Sources Other than Incandescent and Xenon for Airport and Obstruction Lighting Fixtures

Prerequisites

Installation Requirements

Bar Setout
Civil

Set out the single bar (or simplified two-bar arrangement) at a fixed lateral offset from the runway edge, set back from the threshold to place the on-slope indication at the correct height, tied to the runway centreline and threshold survey.

Frangible Pole Foundation
Civil

Install footings clear of the obstacle-limitation surface and any blast zone for the reduced-footprint array.

Duct & Cable Route to CCR
Electrical

Run underground cabling back to the constant current regulator.

Isolating Transformer Matching
Electrical

Confirm each unit's 45W–65W isolating transformer matches the series circuit's rated current step before connection.

Unit Aiming & Levelling
Mechanical

Individually aim and level each unit during commissioning to give the correct red/white split at the design glide angle.

Frangible Coupling Fixing
Mechanical

Torque frangible mount couplings to the specified value, confirming the fitting shears as designed under lateral load.

Reduced-Footprint Clearance Check
Documentation

Confirm the single- or two-bar footprint sits within available clearance margins before energisation.

Pre-Energisation Sign-off
Documentation

Record bar position, cable route, and torque values as-built before the site is closed.

Verification

Testing & Commissioning

Insulation Resistance (Megger) Test
Pre-Energisation

Megger-test the bar's isolating transformer and the series loop before energisation, confirming insulation resistance clears the acceptable minimum ahead of backfill.

Loop Continuity & Resistance Test
Pre-Energisation

Verify series loop continuity end to end and record total loop resistance, ruling out open circuits or high-resistance splices before first energisation.

Primary/Secondary Voltage Verification
Energisation

With the CCR energised, confirm secondary voltage at the bar's connector matches the transformer's rated ratio at the commissioned current step.

CCR Brightness Step Response
Energisation

Cycle the CCR through every intensity step and confirm the bar responds correctly at each step.

Glide Path Angle Verification
Final Acceptance

Set the bar's red/white transition angle with a calibrated aiming tool or theodolite, confirming the abbreviated single- or two-bar indication reads correctly given the reduced guidance compared to a full VASI wing bar.

Photometric Commissioning Test
Final Acceptance

Measure red and white beam intensity, colour, and transition sharpness with a calibrated photometer against ICAO/FAA commissioning tolerances.

Frangibility & Mounting Verification
Pre-Energisation

Confirm the frangible mast's shear point, base height, and surveyed position meet as-built tolerances before the site is finally backfilled.

Documentation & As-Built Sign-off
Final Acceptance

Record insulation, continuity, voltage, and photometric readings alongside as-built position and aiming angle in the commissioning dossier.

Upkeep

Inspection & Maintenance

Beam Alignment Check
Annual

Calibrate the single or two-bar beam angle with precision tools; with fewer lights than full PAPI or VASI, alignment accuracy matters more per unit.

Photometric Intensity Check
Annual

Verify white and red beam intensity and the red/white transition against ICAO thresholds using a calibrated photometer.

Lens Cleaning
Quarterly

Clean dust, rubber deposits, and de-icing fluid residue from each unit's lens to maintain colour transition integrity.

Lamp / LED Module Inspection
Semi-annual

Check each unit's light source for failure and replace promptly, since the coarser resolution of AVASI leaves less margin for a degraded unit.

Frangible Coupling Check
Annual

Inspect couplings for fatigue from wind loading and thermal cycling and replace on schedule to preserve breakaway performance.

Insulation Resistance Test
Annual

Megger-test the isolating transformer and series circuit to confirm insulation resistance stays above the minimum, flagging moisture ingress before it causes a fault.

Cable & Connector Inspection
Annual

Examine primary and secondary cable connections for corrosion or loose crimps, a common source of intermittent series-circuit faults.

Mounting Pole Inspection
Annual

Check pole verticality and base condition to ensure the single or two-bar array remains correctly positioned relative to the runway edge.

Field Notes

Common Field Issues

Limited Resolution

With fewer lights, AVASI provides a coarser indication than full PAPI or VASI. Pilots must be aware of the reduced resolution, particularly in marginal weather. This is a design trade‑off for cost and simplicity.

Beam Alignment

Accurate calibration of the single bar's beam angle is critical. Even a small error can shift the effective glide path significantly. Regular alignment checks using precision tools are essential.

Lens Contamination

Dust, rubber deposits, and de‑icing fluids can reduce light output and affect the colour transition. Routine cleaning and photometric testing are required to maintain the integrity of the indication.

Frangible Coupling Fatigue

AVASI units are mounted on frangible poles. Wind loading and thermal cycling can weaken couplings. Regular inspection ensures breakaway performance on impact.

Diagnostics

Troubleshooting Guide

Bar Dark or Partially Dark
Likely Cause
Failed LED module / lamp in one or more units, or an open isolating transformer feeding the bar.
Diagnostic Steps
Confirm series loop continuity through the transformer primary; megger the transformer; check secondary voltage at the connector with the CCR energised.
Corrective Action
Replace the failed lamp/LED module if the transformer checks healthy; otherwise swap the isolating transformer and re-seal the connectors before backfill.
Entire Series Circuit Dark / CCR Will Not Regulate
Likely Cause
Open-circuit fault in the series loop feeding the bar (severed cable, corroded splice, or a failed transformer acting as an open point).
Diagnostic Steps
Check the CCR fault/open-circuit indication first (note that AVASI's basic or manual CCR may not report to an ALCMS); loop-resistance test from the CCR output to isolate the faulted segment; sectionalise and megger cable runs.
Corrective Action
Excavate and repair or replace the faulted cable section and connector; re-test insulation resistance before reinstating the circuit.
CCR Trips on Overcurrent or Ground Fault
Likely Cause
Moisture ingress at a unit, connector, or base can has degraded insulation resistance, creating a short or partial ground fault on the series loop.
Diagnostic Steps
Megger the full circuit to identify the low-resistance segment; visually inspect suspect units for cracked gaskets, condensation, or damaged secondary cable jackets.
Corrective Action
Dry out or replace the affected unit/connector, renew O-rings and gaskets, and confirm insulation resistance is back above the acceptable minimum before re-energising.
Coarse or Misleading Glide Path Indication
Likely Cause
The bar's units have drifted from their commissioned elevation setting; because AVASI provides a coarser indication with fewer lights, a small alignment error has a proportionally larger effect on usable indication resolution.
Diagnostic Steps
Carry out a ground or flight inspection of the glide-path angle against the design value; check each unit's levelling and pitch-adjustment setting.
Corrective Action
Re-aim and re-level the affected unit(s) to the surveyed angle using precision alignment tools, then re-verify with a follow-up inspection.
Reduced or Hazy Light Output
Likely Cause
Contaminated or eroded lens, an aging LED array or halogen lamp, or the CCR running on a lower brightness step than required.
Diagnostic Steps
Run a photometric intensity check against ICAO/FAA thresholds; inspect and clean the lens; confirm the CCR is set to the correct intensity step for prevailing conditions.
Corrective Action
Clean or replace the lens, replace a degraded lamp/LED module, or correct the CCR step setting; re-verify with a follow-up photometric reading.
Unit Leaning, Loose, or Misaligned
Likely Cause
Frangible coupling has begun to fatigue or partially shear, or a base footing has settled due to ground movement.
Diagnostic Steps
Visually and physically check the frangible coupling for cracking or play; re-check unit aim against tolerance; inspect the surrounding ground for settlement or heave.
Corrective Action
Replace the frangible coupling on schedule if fatigued, re-level and re-aim the unit, and address any footing settlement to prevent recurrence.
Reliability

Failure Modes & Root Causes

LED Module / Lamp Failure
High Severity
Root Cause
Solder-joint fatigue from thermal cycling, moisture ingress through a compromised board seal, or ordinary end-of-life lumen depreciation.
Effect
Since AVASI uses a single bar rather than the near/far pair of full VASI, the loss of one unit within that bar removes a larger share of the total glide path cue.
Detection Method
Megger test of the transformer, secondary voltage check with the CCR energised, and visual confirmation that all units in the bar are alight.
Isolating Transformer Failure
High Severity
Root Cause
Moisture ingress leading to insulation breakdown, a manufacturing defect in the winding, or a blown primary fuse-wire link from a transient surge.
Effect
Open-circuit point in the series loop; darkens the affected unit or, if the open extends to the loop itself, can take down the entire single-bar circuit.
Detection Method
Megger test of the transformer, secondary voltage check with the CCR energised, and loop-resistance testing from the CCR output.
Bar Unit Elevation Drift
High Severity
Root Cause
Gradual footing settlement, vibration-induced loosening of the pitch-adjustment mechanism, or an aiming error introduced during maintenance.
Effect
A shifted or ambiguous red/white transition, which is more consequential on AVASI than on multi-bar VASI since a single bar is doing the work of encoding the whole glide angle.
Detection Method
Ground or flight inspection of the glide-path angle against the design value, and periodic check of each unit's levelling and pitch-adjustment setting.
Series Cable / Connector Insulation Breakdown
Medium Severity
Root Cause
Cable jacket damage, corroded splices, or prolonged standing water in the duct run feeding the bar.
Effect
Ground fault or short circuit that trips the CCR, or an intermittent partial fault that degrades insulation resistance across the loop.
Detection Method
Full-circuit megger test to flag the low-resistance segment, followed by sectionalised testing to pinpoint the fault location.
Lens Contamination or Erosion
Low Severity
Root Cause
Prolonged UV exposure, abrasive particulate erosion, and grime or rubber-deposit build-up on the outer lens surface.
Effect
Reduced or hazy light output and a softened colour transition, making the single-bar indication harder to read at range.
Detection Method
Scheduled photometric intensity testing against ICAO/FAA thresholds and visual inspection of the lens during quarterly cleaning.
Frangible Coupling Fatigue
Medium Severity
Root Cause
Cyclic loading from mower or vehicle contact, material fatigue over the service interval, or corrosion at the coupling threads.
Effect
Unit leans, loosens, or separates from its base, taking that bar light out of aim tolerance or out of service.
Detection Method
Physical inspection for cracking or play in the coupling, and periodic fixture-aim/level checks against tolerance.
Precautions

Safety & Operational Notes

Series Circuit Isolation
Electrical Safety

The AVASI bar runs on a constant-current series circuit that can carry several kV across the loop. De-energise and lock out the CCR, then verify zero energy at the fixture before opening a base can or handling cable connectors.

Airside Work Coordination
Operational

Any work on or near an active runway requires ATC/airside coordination and a NOTAM while a unit is dark or out of tolerance; because a single bar carries the whole glide-path cue, an out-of-service unit degrades the indication more than it would on a multi-bar VASI, so schedule work accordingly.

Frangibility Not to Be Defeated
Mechanical

Never substitute the frangible coupling with a rigid fitting or over-torque it during installation or repair; the coupling must still shear cleanly on aircraft impact to limit damage under the frangibility requirement.

Aim Verification Before Return to Service
Operational

Confirm elevation setting and level on any adjusted unit against the design glide-path angle before closing out maintenance; with only one bar encoding the angle, a small aiming error is more consequential than in a multi-bar installation.

FOD Control at the Base Can
Operational

Keep tools, fasteners, and removed gaskets accounted for at all times when the base can is open, and secure or remove any loose material before reinstating the fixture, to prevent foreign object debris on the movement area.

Insulation Test Before Re-Energisation
Electrical Safety

After any cable, connector, or transformer work, megger test the affected series loop before restoring power, since a residual fault at re-energisation can trip the CCR or damage the remaining healthy units on the same circuit.

PPE & Grounding
Personnel Safety

Use insulated tools and appropriate PPE when working on series-circuit connections, and confirm the fixture and base can are bonded/grounded per the electrical design before reconnecting the loop.

Restore to Compliant State
Compliance

Do not leave a unit out of aim tolerance, at reduced intensity, or otherwise non-compliant after maintenance; verify photometric and positional conformance across the bar before closing out the work and cancelling the associated NOTAM.

Field Insight

Engineering & Expert Notes

Single-Bar Configuration Has No Independent Cross-Check
Design

Unlike a multi-bar VASI, a single-bar AVASI has no second reference to catch a slowly developing angle drift by comparison; rely on scheduled theodolite verification as the primary drift-detection method rather than pilot reports.

Lower Power Draw Doesn't Mean Lower Voltage-Drop Tolerance
Electrical

AVASI's reduced power consumption is often paired with lighter-gauge feeder cable; on longer runs to a remote threshold this increases voltage drop, so cable sizing still has to be recalculated for run length even though the connected load itself is small.

Temporary Installs Still Need a Rated Frangible Base
Mechanical

Short-term or portable AVASI installs sometimes get a rigid or improvised mount because the fixture is expected to be temporary; if it sits within the obstacle-free area for any length of time it still needs a frangible mount rated to the same standard as a permanent unit.

The Colour Transition Band Is the Whole Signal
Optical

With only one light unit carrying the indication, the sharpness of the red-to-white transition matters more than it would in a multi-bar system; check optical calibration for a crisp transition, not just correct colour at each extreme.

Battery or Solar Variants Need a Duty-Cycle Log
Maintenance

Temporary AVASI installs commonly run on batteries or solar panels; track discharge and recharge cycles as a standing maintenance item rather than waiting for a low-intensity complaint to reveal a power problem.

Each Heliport Repositioning Is Effectively a New Install
Alignment

Because AVASI is frequently redeployed between heliports or temporary sites, calibration data from the previous location doesn't carry over; re-survey and re-aim at every repositioning rather than reusing prior settings.

Quick Answers

Frequently Asked Questions

Short answers about the AVASI (Abbreviated Visual Approach Slope Indicator): what it is, how it works, typical specifications, standards, maintenance and common faults.

Q1What is an AVASI (Abbreviated Visual Approach Slope Indicator)?

The Abbreviated Visual Approach Slope Indicator (AVASI) is a simplified visual glide slope guidance system. Unlike the multi‑bar VASI or the four‑unit PAPI, AVASI typically consists of a single light bar or a simplified two‑bar configuration with fewer light units. It provides a basic but effective red/white indication to help pilots maintain a safe descent angle during final approach. AVASI is designed for smaller airfields, heliports, and temporary operations where a full‑scale system is not economically or logistically justified.

Q2What is the purpose of an AVASI (Abbreviated Visual Approach Slope Indicator)?

AVASI exists to bring basic glide slope guidance to airfields and temporary operations where the cost, power requirements, or physical footprint of a full VASI or PAPI installation can't be justified. By reducing the light units to a single bar or simplified two-bar layout, it keeps the essential red/white on-path indication pilots need while cutting the infrastructure and maintenance burden considerably.

Q3Where is an AVASI (Abbreviated Visual Approach Slope Indicator) used and installed?

AVASI is deployed on a variety of smaller and specialised landing sites: General aviation airports – with low traffic volumes and limited budgets. Heliports – where a compact system is needed for helicopter approaches. Remote and regional airstrips – with limited electrical infrastructure. Military forward operating bases – requiring rapid deployment and simplicity. Temporary or emergency runways – where a lightweight, portable system is advantageous. As a backup to PAPI or VASI – on larger runways for additional redundancy.

Q4How does an AVASI (Abbreviated Visual Approach Slope Indicator) work?

AVASI operates on the same fundamental optical principle as VASI and PAPI, but with a simplified configuration: Configuration: AVASI typically uses a single bar of lights (or two bars in some configurations) installed on the left side of the runway or helipad. The bar contains one or more light units that project a beam with a distinct red/white transition. Colour Indication: The pilot sees a single bar that changes colour based on the viewing angle.

Q5What are the typical technical parameters of an AVASI (Abbreviated Visual Approach Slope Indicator)?

Typical values are — Light Source: LED array or 45W halogen lamp; Colour: White (upper beam) and Red (lower beam) per unit; Luminous Intensity: Up to 8,000 cd (white) and 4,000 cd (red) depending on setting; Intensity Steps: 3‑step (day, twilight, night) or 5‑step (2.8A – 6.6A) CCR controlled; Glide Path Angle: Typically 3° (2.5° to 4° adjustable); Beam Pattern: Narrow vertical beam with a sharp red/white transition; Number of Bars/Units: 1 bar (single unit) or 2 bars (simplified two‑bar); Mounting Type: Elevated (frangible poles) – typically 10–20 m from runway edge; Isolating Transformer: 45W – 65W (6.6A series circuit) per unit.

Q6What are the electrical requirements for an AVASI (Abbreviated Visual Approach Slope Indicator)?

Typical requirements are — Circuit Type: Series circuit, constant current (CCR fed); Rated Series Current: 6.6A (5-step: 2.8A / 3.4A / 4.1A / 5.2A / 6.6A) or 3-step equivalent; Isolation: Via dedicated isolating transformer (45W/65W) per unit; Bar Synchronisation: Where a second bar is fitted, both bars share the same series step to keep the transition aligned; Transformer Secondary: Matched to fixture wattage; sized to series circuit rating; Cable Type: L-824 single-conductor, direct-burial rated, 5kV or 600V per circuit design; Connector: L-823 primary connector, submersible-rated splice; Insulation Resistance: ≥ 50 MΩ (megger test, cable-to-ground).

Q7What photometric requirements apply to an AVASI (Abbreviated Visual Approach Slope Indicator)?

Typical requirements are — Main Beam Intensity (White): ≥ 6,000 cd on-axis per unit, up to 8,000 cd at full intensity; Main Beam Intensity (Red): ≥ 3,000 cd on-axis per unit, up to 4,000 cd at full intensity; Transition Sharpness (Red/White): ≤ 4 arc-minutes vertical transition band per bar; Vertical Beam Spread: Single bar (or reduced 2-bar) set at the 3° reference; coarser composite signal than full VASI; Horizontal Beam Spread: ± 5° to ± 10° either side of runway centreline plane; Isocandela Distribution: Per ICAO Annex 14 Attachment A / FAA AC 150/5345-46 figures; Chromaticity (White): Within ICAO Annex 14 white boundary (CIE coordinates).

Q8Which standards apply to an AVASI (Abbreviated Visual Approach Slope Indicator)?

The main references are ICAO Annex 14 — Guidance for abbreviated visual slope indicators (AVASI); FAA AC 150/5340-25 — Visual Approach Slope Indicator (VASI) Systems – includes abbreviated (AVASI) configurations; IEC/TS 61827 — Characteristics of inset and elevated luminaires used on aerodromes and heliports (photometric & electrical performance); FAA Engineering Brief #67 — Light Sources Other than Incandescent and Xenon for Airport and Obstruction Lighting Fixtures. Always verify the current edition and your aerodrome's approved requirements.

Q9How often should an AVASI (Abbreviated Visual Approach Slope Indicator) be inspected and maintained?

Typical maintenance tasks and intervals are: Beam Alignment Check (annual); Photometric Intensity Check (annual); Lens Cleaning (quarterly); Lamp / LED Module Inspection (semi-annual); Frangible Coupling Check (annual); Insulation Resistance Test (annual); Cable & Connector Inspection (annual); Mounting Pole Inspection (annual). Your airport's approved maintenance programme takes precedence.

Q10How do I troubleshoot common AVASI (Abbreviated Visual Approach Slope Indicator) faults?

Common symptoms covered are: Bar Dark or Partially Dark; Entire Series Circuit Dark / CCR Will Not Regulate; CCR Trips on Overcurrent or Ground Fault; Coarse or Misleading Glide Path Indication; Reduced or Hazy Light Output; Unit Leaning, Loose, or Misaligned. For example, for "Bar Dark or Partially Dark": Likely Cause: Failed LED module / lamp in one or more units, or an open isolating transformer feeding the bar. Diagnostic Steps: Confirm series loop continuity through the transformer primary; megger the transformer; check secondary voltage at the connector with the CCR energised. Corrective Action: Replace the failed lamp/LED module if the transformer checks healthy; otherwise swap the isolating transformer and re-seal the connectors before backfill.

Explore Further

Related Components

Go Further

Go Beyond the Component. Understand the Complete AGL System.

You have explored the component. Now understand how it works within the complete Airfield Ground Lighting system.

Learn AGL from fundamentals to design, installation, testing, photometry, commissioning, maintenance and troubleshooting through structured technical training at Precision AGL Academy.

Build practical knowledge. Understand the circuit. Read the standards. Troubleshoot with confidence.

Your next step in AGL starts here.

The Learning Pathway
Learn Understand Design Test Maintain Document Apply Certify

Need expert guidance on AVASI selection, installation, or calibration?

Precision AGL Academy provides advice on glide path design, photometric performance, and field alignment of abbreviated glide slope systems.