What is an upgrade?

A planned change that improves what an asset can do — justified, checked for fit, installed, proved by test and documented.

UPGRADE · IMPROVING WHAT AN ASSET CAN DO NEED IT · CHECK IT FITS · PROVE IT BEFORE USE 1 IDENTIFY Need or limitation Gaps in capability Benefit expected STEP: justify 2 DEFINE Requirements set Compatibility & safety Standards & approvals STEP: specify 3 DESIGN Design the change Plan outage & phasing Change approved STEP: approve 4 INSTALL Isolate & install New or changed items Wire, label, connect STEP: build 5 COMMISSION Electrical checks Operation & control Performance proved STEP: verify 6 HAND OVER Drawings updated Staff trained Records & spares STEP: sustain REVIEW LOOP: RESULTS FEED ASSET PLANNING (PERFORMANCE, SPARES, LIFECYCLE COST) AND THE NEXT NEED INPUTS NEED · REQUIREMENTS · ASSET DATA · BUDGET What the existing system must gain OUTPUT IMPROVED ASSET · NEW RECORDS · TRAINING Updates asset history and planning POOR UPGRADE: INCOMPATIBILITY · LOST COMPLIANCE · UNPLANNED OUTAGES SCHEMATIC · SIMPLIFIED · NOT TO SCALE · STEPS OVERLAP
upgrade step
key principle
review loop and output
risk of poor upgrade
The Fact Asset lifecycle

An upgrade is a planned change that improves what an asset or system can do beyond its original specification, such as added monitoring and control, greater capacity or newer equipment. It starts with a justified need, then requirements, a compatibility check with the existing system, a design and an approved change.

The change is installed, then tested and commissioned against the design requirements before use. Drawings, records and staff training are updated so the new capability can be operated and maintained. A poor upgrade means incompatibility, lost compliance and unplanned outages.

  1. Identify. Establish the need or limitation, the capability gap and the benefit expected.
  2. Define. Set the requirements, check compatibility with the existing system, assess the safety impact, and confirm applicable standards and approvals.
  3. Design. Design the change, plan the outage and phasing (including notification of any lighting outage), and get the change approved.
  4. Install. Isolate safely (including earthing of the series circuit), install the new or changed items, and wire, label and connect them.
  5. Commission. Carry out electrical checks (such as insulation resistance and circuit current at each intensity step), confirm operation and control, and prove performance.
  6. Hand over. Update drawings, train staff, and update records, configuration and spares.
Upgrade

A planned change that improves capability or performance beyond the original specification.

Refurbishment

A planned renewal that restores condition and extends life without changing what the asset does.

MeaningPlanned change that improves an asset or system beyond its original capability
Starts fromA justified need, such as a capability gap, obsolescence or changed requirements
Typical upgradesMonitoring and control, capacity, newer equipment types, added functions
Key checksCompatibility with circuits, regulators, transformers and control systems
ProofElectrical tests, operation and control, monitoring, performance where relevant
ReferenceManufacturer instructions; ICAO Annex 14 Vol. I; ICAO Doc 9157 Part 5 (electrical systems); ICAO Doc 9137 Part 9 (maintenance)
Schematic — simplified for clarity. Design requirements, compatibility limits, approvals, notification, test criteria and acceptance are set by the manufacturer, the aerodrome’s procedures, the regulator and the applicable standards.
Entry 14 · Refurbishment Entry 16 · Technology modernization

Frequently Asked Questions

Q1What is an upgrade in airfield ground lighting?

A planned change that improves what an AGL asset or system can do beyond its original specification, for example adding monitoring and control, increasing capacity, adding functions, or moving to newer equipment of a different type. It changes capability, not just condition.

Q2How is an upgrade different from refurbishment?

Refurbishment renews a worn asset to near-original condition and performance. An upgrade deliberately changes or improves performance, capability or features, so the asset can do something it could not do before. An upgrade may reuse parts of the existing system.

Q3Why must compatibility with the existing system be checked?

AGL assets work together on shared circuits, regulators, transformers and control systems. A change in one place, such as a different load, different equipment type or new monitoring, can affect circuit current and loading, regulator suitability, control interfaces and mixed-equipment behaviour. For example, replacing halogen lamps with LED units greatly reduces the load on a series circuit, which the constant current regulator and isolating transformers must still support: check the regulator's minimum load, its current regulation and power factor, and the transformer load ratings. Compatibility is checked at design stage, not discovered on site.

Q4Does an upgrade need approval?

Usually yes. A change to a lighting system is normally handled through the aerodrome's change management and safety risk assessment and, where required, the regulator, and the equipment should meet the applicable standards for its use. The aerodrome's procedures and the regulator decide what approval and notification (for example, of lighting outages during the work) are needed.

Q5What is tested after an upgrade?

The changed equipment and the circuits it affects are tested and commissioned against the design requirements, typically electrical checks such as insulation resistance and circuit current, correct operation and control, monitoring indications and, for lights, photometric performance and alignment where relevant. Some changes also need inspection or acceptance by the regulator before use. Acceptance criteria come from the design, the manufacturer, the aerodrome procedures and the applicable standards.

Q6What should be updated after an upgrade?

Drawings and as-built records, equipment and configuration data, maintenance and spares plans, procedures, and staff training. Without these, the airfield is left with a system nobody can maintain confidently, and asset planning loses an accurate picture of what is installed.

Q7Is replacing a failed light with a new one an upgrade?

Replacing a failed or worn item with an equivalent one is repair or replacement, not an upgrade. It becomes an upgrade only when the change adds capability or performance the asset did not have before, such as new monitoring or a different equipment type.

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