Division 09 of 25 · MSO Series

Maintenance Strategy & Optimization

The strategic maintenance-management layer of the AGL Asset Lifecycle Guide. Division 09 decides what maintenance strategy should be used, why it should be used, when it should be reviewed, and how its effectiveness should be evaluated — while the AGL Maintenance Handbook defines how each maintenance task is actually performed.

15 / 15
Topics Scoped
MSO-01 → 15
Topic ID Range
Strategy
Layer · Optimization Function
Rev 0
Initial Issue

The question this division answers — Given everything we know about how each AGL asset is actually performing and failing, what maintenance strategy should we apply, on which asset, at what frequency, using what resources — and how do we prove it is working?

Where Division 09 Sits in the Lifecycle

Division 07 establishes baseline asset performance and Division 08 tracks how assets actually perform in operation. Division 09 is where that evidence is converted into a deliberate maintenance strategy — before it is handed to the AGL Maintenance Handbook for execution.

07 — Baseline Performance
08 — Operational Performance
09 — Maintenance Strategy & Optimization
10 onward — Maintenance Planning → Execution → Testing/Inspection → Condition Monitoring → Renewal

Division 09 · Maintenance Strategy & Optimization Topics

15 of 15 topics scoped
MSO-01 Maintenance Strategy Selection
Purpose

Every AGL asset should have an appropriate maintenance strategy, selected deliberately rather than applied uniformly across all assets.

Strategy Should Be Based On
  • Criticality
  • Failure consequence
  • Reliability
  • Condition
  • Utilization
  • Operating environment
  • Failure history
  • Maintainability
  • Manufacturer recommendations
  • Regulatory requirements
  • Availability requirements
  • Lifecycle cost
Strategy-Selection Logic
ASSET FUNCTIONFAILURE CONSEQUENCEFAILURE MODEDETECTABILITYCONDITION/RELIABILITY DATAMAINTENANCE STRATEGY
Core Principle

Do not automatically apply the same maintenance strategy to every asset — the strategy should follow evidence, not habit.

MSO-02 Preventive-Maintenance Strategy
Purpose

Preventive maintenance is planned maintenance intended to reduce the probability of failure or maintain the asset in an acceptable condition.

Strategic Considerations
  • Maintenance interval
  • Maintenance task
  • Asset criticality
  • Manufacturer recommendations
  • Historical failures
  • Operating exposure
  • Regulatory requirements
  • Environmental conditions
Typical AGL Examples

Fixture inspection, CCR inspection, transformer inspection, cable-system testing, PAPI inspection, sign inspection, earthing inspection, control-system checks.

Boundary

The specific inspection/test procedure for each of these should remain in the AGL Maintenance Handbook.

MSO-03 Predictive-Maintenance Strategy
Purpose

Predictive maintenance uses measured condition/performance information to anticipate deterioration or failure before it happens.

Possible Inputs
  • Electrical test trends
  • Photometric trends
  • CCR performance
  • Temperature
  • Energy consumption
  • Operating hours
  • Failure history
  • Condition-monitoring information
  • Alarm history
Lifecycle Logic
BASELINEPERIODIC MEASUREMENTTRENDDETERIORATION DETECTEDPREDICTED INTERVENTIONPLANNED MAINTENANCE
Where This Is Most Valuable

Particularly valuable where deterioration can be detected before functional failure occurs.

MSO-04 Condition-Based Maintenance
Purpose

Condition-based maintenance bases intervention decisions on the actual condition of the asset, rather than relying solely on a fixed calendar interval.

Inputs May Include
  • Inspection findings
  • Test results
  • Photometric results
  • Electrical measurements
  • Physical condition
  • Failure history
  • Performance deviation
  • Environmental exposure
Example Instead of a Fixed-Age Replacement
INSPECTMEASUREASSESS CONDITIONDETERMINE DEGRADATIONDECIDE INTERVENTION
Register Link

This should be linked directly with Division 07 baseline data and Division 08 operational trends.

MSO-05 Corrective-Maintenance Strategy
Purpose

Corrective maintenance addresses a detected defect, deterioration or failure.

Strategic Categories
  • Minor corrective: small defects that do not immediately affect critical operation
  • Major corrective: defects requiring significant resources or a planned outage
  • Emergency corrective: failure requiring immediate intervention due to safety or operational consequences
Strategy Should Define

Priority, response requirement, escalation, resource requirement, spare requirement, restoration objective, root-cause review requirement.

Boundary

The detailed repair procedure remains in the AGL Maintenance Handbook.

MSO-06 Risk-Based Maintenance
Purpose

Risk-based maintenance prioritizes maintenance according to the consequence and likelihood of failure. It connects directly to Division 03 — Asset Criticality & Risk Assessment.

Basic Model
RISK = PROBABILITY OF FAILURE × CONSEQUENCE OF FAILURE
Consider
  • Safety consequence
  • Operational consequence
  • Regulatory consequence
  • Financial consequence
  • Environmental consequence
  • Failure probability
  • Detectability
  • Redundancy
Example

A highly critical runway lighting asset may receive greater maintenance attention than a lower-consequence asset, even if both have similar physical condition.

MSO-07 Maintenance Optimization
Purpose

Maintenance optimization seeks the best balance between reliability, safety, availability, resources and cost.

The Objective

Not "do maximum maintenance." Not "do minimum maintenance." The objective is: do the right maintenance at the right time on the right asset.

Optimize
  • Task frequency
  • Task type
  • Inspection depth
  • Testing frequency
  • Resources
  • Spare inventory
  • Contractor support
  • Planned outages
MSO-08 Maintenance Frequency Optimization
Purpose

Maintenance frequency should be based on evidence, rather than automatically repeating historical schedules forever.

Consider
  • Asset criticality
  • Failure history
  • Condition trends
  • Operating hours
  • Environmental exposure
  • Manufacturer guidance
  • Regulatory requirements
  • Maintenance effectiveness
  • Cost
Review Question

Is the current maintenance interval preventing failures effectively without creating unnecessary maintenance effort?

Possible Outcomes

Increase frequency if deterioration is occurring earlier than expected. Reduce frequency if condition remains stable and risk remains acceptable. Change strategy from preventive to condition-based/predictive where sufficient data exists.

MSO-09 Maintenance Task Optimization
Purpose

Individual maintenance tasks should also be reviewed on their own merits, not just the overall strategy.

For Every Task, Ask
  • What failure does this task prevent/detect?
  • Is the task effective?
  • What evidence supports the task?
  • How often should it be performed?
  • Can another test replace it?
  • Can condition monitoring reduce the need?
  • Does the task create unnecessary disruption?
  • What is the cost?
  • What is the consequence of not performing it?
Strategic Principle

Every recurring maintenance task should have a defined lifecycle purpose.

MSO-10 Maintenance-Resource Planning
Purpose

Maintenance strategy must consider the resources required to execute it — a strategy that cannot be resourced is not a real strategy.

Resources
  • People: engineers, technicians, specialists, contractors
  • Equipment: test instruments, photometric equipment, electrical test equipment, access equipment
  • Materials: spare parts, consumables, connectors, transformers, lamps/LED modules
  • Time: planned maintenance windows, airside access, runway closures, operational restrictions
Strategic Objective

Ensure that the selected maintenance strategy is actually executable, not just theoretically correct.

MSO-11 Work-Order Strategy
Purpose

Work orders convert maintenance strategy into controlled maintenance activities. The Asset Lifecycle Guide establishes the management logic; the Maintenance Handbook can define the detailed workflow.

Work-Order Information Should Link
  • Work-order ID
  • Asset ID
  • Failure/maintenance type
  • Priority
  • Task
  • Location
  • Date
  • Assigned personnel
  • Materials
  • Test results
  • Findings
  • Corrective action
  • Completion status
  • Cost
  • Downtime
Lifecycle Relationship
ASSETMAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTWORK ORDERMAINTENANCE EXECUTIONINSPECTION/TESTCLOSUREASSET HISTORY
MSO-12 Maintenance Backlog Management
Purpose

A maintenance backlog represents work that has been identified but has not yet been completed.

Backlog Should Be Classified By
  • Criticality
  • Risk
  • Age
  • Failure consequence
  • Regulatory requirement
  • Operational impact
  • Required resources
  • Spare availability
Priority Principle

A backlog should not simply be managed by age of work order. A newer critical safety-related task may require higher priority than an older low-risk task.

Backlog Categories

Critical, High, Medium, Low, Planned, Deferred with justification.

MSO-13 Maintenance Effectiveness
Purpose

Maintenance effectiveness measures whether the maintenance strategy is actually achieving its intended purpose.

Indicators
  • Failure frequency
  • Repeat failures
  • Availability
  • MTBF
  • MTTR
  • Emergency maintenance
  • Preventive-maintenance compliance
  • Condition deterioration
  • Maintenance backlog
  • Maintenance cost
  • Downtime
  • Number of corrective interventions
Key Question

Did the maintenance activity improve or preserve asset performance? A maintenance activity should not automatically be considered effective merely because the work order was closed.

MSO-14 Maintenance Cost Analysis
Purpose

Maintenance cost should be analyzed as part of lifecycle decision-making, not tracked in isolation from asset performance.

Consider
  • Preventive-maintenance cost
  • Predictive-maintenance cost
  • Corrective-maintenance cost
  • Emergency-maintenance cost
  • Labour
  • Spares
  • Contractor cost
  • Testing
  • Equipment
  • Access/closure cost
  • Downtime
Important Analysis

Compare preventive cost vs. failure cost vs. downtime consequence — this helps determine whether maintenance strategy is economically justified.

MSO-15 Maintenance Strategy Review
Purpose

Maintenance strategy should not remain unchanged for the entire asset life — it should be periodically reviewed using actual lifecycle evidence.

Review Inputs
  • Failure history
  • Condition history
  • Performance trends
  • Availability
  • Reliability
  • Maintenance cost
  • Operating hours
  • Utilization
  • Criticality changes
  • Technology changes
  • Manufacturer recommendations
  • Obsolescence
  • Repeated failures
Review Outcomes

Continue current strategy, modify maintenance frequency, change maintenance type, increase monitoring, reduce unnecessary maintenance, refurbish, or replace.

No topics match your search.

Recommended Maintenance Strategy Decision Tree

A strategic decision model for selecting maintenance strategy asset-by-asset, working from criticality down to demonstrated preventive-maintenance effectiveness.

StepQuestionIf YesIf No
1Is the asset safety/operationally critical?Higher maintenance controlContinue risk assessment
2Does failure have significant consequences?Risk-based maintenanceContinue assessment
3Is deterioration measurable?Condition-based / predictive strategyPreventive / corrective strategy as appropriate
4Is failure predictable?Predictive interventionPreventive / condition-based / corrective, based on risk
5Is preventive maintenance demonstrably effective?Continue and optimize intervalReview task/strategy

AGL Maintenance Strategy Matrix

A strategic framework, not a universal maintenance prescription. Actual strategy should be determined from the airport's approved risk methodology and asset-specific evidence.

Asset Condition / RiskRecommended Strategy
Critical + high failure consequenceRisk-based + preventive/condition monitoring
Critical + measurable deteriorationCondition-based / predictive
Critical + unpredictable failurePreventive + contingency planning
Medium criticality + measurable conditionCondition-based
Medium criticality + predictable deteriorationPreventive
Low criticality + low consequenceCorrective / optimized preventive
Repeated failureReliability investigation + strategy review
Obsolete assetRenewal/replacement strategy

Connection With the AGL Maintenance Handbook

This separation is very important — Division 09 should not duplicate the detailed maintenance procedures already contained in the AGL Maintenance Handbook. Instead, it establishes the strategic decision framework that governs those procedures.

Asset Lifecycle Guide

WHY?
  • Why maintain?
  • What strategy?
  • What risk?
  • What priority?
  • What frequency?
  • What resources?
  • Is it effective?
  • Should the strategy change?

AGL Maintenance Handbook

HOW?
  • How to inspect
  • How to isolate
  • How to test
  • How to clean
  • How to repair
  • How to replace
  • How to record
  • How to restore

Division 09 Master Structure

The 15 topics kept exactly as the maintenance-strategy structure, each mapped to the primary question it answers.

No.TopicPrimary Question
01Maintenance Strategy SelectionWhat strategy fits this asset's risk and behaviour?
02Preventive-Maintenance StrategyWhat planned maintenance reduces failure probability?
03Predictive-Maintenance StrategyCan deterioration be anticipated from trend data?
04Condition-Based MaintenanceDoes actual condition justify intervention now?
05Corrective-Maintenance StrategyHow should a detected defect be addressed?
06Risk-Based MaintenanceWhere should limited maintenance attention go first?
07Maintenance OptimizationIs this the right maintenance at the right time?
08Maintenance Frequency OptimizationIs the current interval still justified by evidence?
09Maintenance Task OptimizationDoes every recurring task still earn its place?
10Maintenance-Resource PlanningCan this strategy actually be executed?
11Work-Order StrategyHow does strategy become controlled activity?
12Maintenance Backlog ManagementWhat order should outstanding work be tackled in?
13Maintenance EffectivenessIs the maintenance actually working?
14Maintenance Cost AnalysisIs the maintenance economically justified?
15Maintenance Strategy ReviewShould the strategy itself now change?

Key Deliverables

The recommended formal outputs of Division 09.

AGL Maintenance Strategy Selection Procedure
AGL Preventive Maintenance Strategy
AGL Predictive Maintenance Strategy
AGL Condition-Based Maintenance Strategy
AGL Corrective Maintenance Strategy
AGL Risk-Based Maintenance Framework
AGL Maintenance Optimization Procedure
AGL Maintenance Frequency Optimization Procedure
AGL Maintenance Task Optimization Review
AGL Maintenance Resource Planning Framework
AGL Work-Order Strategy
AGL Maintenance Backlog Management Procedure
AGL Maintenance Effectiveness KPI Framework
AGL Maintenance Cost Analysis Framework
AGL Maintenance Strategy Review Procedure

Division 09 — Core Principle

Maintenance strategy should be determined by asset risk, failure behaviour, condition, utilization, operational requirements and lifecycle cost — not simply by a fixed calendar schedule.

Division 09 operates as a continuous optimization loop, not a one-time decision:

Asset Criticality
Maintenance Strategy
Maintenance Plan → Work Orders → Execution
Inspection & Testing → Performance Measurement
Failure / Condition Data
Effectiveness Analysis + Cost Analysis
Maintenance Strategy Review → Optimized Strategy → Repeat

This is the mechanism by which the handbook evolves from a static maintenance schedule into a data-driven AGL asset-management system — the strategic bridge between asset performance data and the detailed AGL Maintenance Handbook, while keeping the two documents clearly separated: the Lifecycle Guide governs the maintenance strategy; the Maintenance Handbook governs the maintenance procedure.

Frequently Asked Questions

Quick answers about Maintenance Strategy & Optimization in the AGL Asset Lifecycle Guide.

Q1What is Division 09 — Maintenance Strategy & Optimization in the AGL Asset Lifecycle Guide?

Division 09 is the strategic bridge between asset performance data and the AGL Maintenance Handbook. It covers 15 topics on maintenance strategy selection, preventive, predictive, condition-based and corrective maintenance, risk-based maintenance, optimization, resource planning, work orders, backlog, effectiveness, cost and strategy review.

Q2How should a maintenance strategy be selected for an AGL asset?

Every AGL asset should have an appropriate strategy, selected deliberately rather than applied uniformly across all assets. Selection considers criticality, failure consequence, reliability, condition, utilization and operating environment.

Q3What is the difference between preventive, predictive, condition-based and corrective maintenance?

Preventive maintenance is planned work intended to reduce the probability of failure. Predictive maintenance uses measured condition or performance information to anticipate deterioration before it happens. Condition-based maintenance bases intervention on actual condition rather than only a fixed calendar interval. Corrective maintenance addresses a detected defect, deterioration or failure.

Q4What is risk-based maintenance?

Risk-based maintenance prioritizes maintenance according to the consequence and likelihood of failure. It connects directly to Division 03 and considers safety, operational, regulatory and financial consequence.

Q5How are maintenance frequency and tasks optimized?

Maintenance optimization seeks the best balance between reliability, safety, availability, resources and cost. Frequency should be based on evidence rather than repeating historical schedules forever, and each task should be reviewed on its own merits, asking what failure it prevents or detects and whether it is effective.

Q6Why does maintenance strategy need resource planning?

A strategy that cannot be resourced is not a real strategy. Resource planning considers people, such as engineers, technicians, specialists and contractors, as well as equipment such as test instruments and photometric equipment.

Q7How are work orders and backlog managed?

Work orders convert maintenance strategy into controlled maintenance activities. A backlog is work identified but not yet completed, and it should be prioritized using criticality, risk, age, failure consequence, regulatory requirement and operational impact.

Q8How is maintenance effectiveness and strategy reviewed?

Effectiveness measures whether the strategy achieves its purpose using failure frequency, repeat failures, availability, MTBF, MTTR and emergency maintenance. Strategy should not stay unchanged for the whole asset life and is reviewed periodically using actual failure, condition, performance and cost evidence.

Go Further

Plan the Maintenance. Optimize the Strategy. Build AGL Expertise.

Effective AGL asset management starts with choosing the right maintenance strategy for each asset, not applying one approach to everything.

Learn how preventive, predictive, condition-based and risk-based maintenance strategies, and maintenance optimization, connect across the complete AGL asset lifecycle.

Turn technical reference knowledge into a deeper understanding of how AGL assets are planned, managed, operated and sustained throughout their lifecycle.

Maintain better. Optimize the strategy. Build technical capability.

Take Your AGL Knowledge Further

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AGL Fundamentals Maintenance Strategy Selection Preventive Maintenance Predictive Maintenance Condition-Based Maintenance Risk-Based Maintenance Maintenance Optimization Maintenance Cost Analysis

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